FRENCH C070: AFRICA, CARIBBEAN, FRANCE

SPRING 2008

 

Classroom:       M, W, F:           01:40-02:30

Click here to play Francophone music                       

Final Exam:  Wednesday May 14-11:30-1:30    

 

Professeur:      Grégoire Rosia

                        Francophone Studies

                        530 Anderson Hall

                        Voice: (215)204-1759                 Fax: (215)204-7752

                        e-mail: grosia@temple.edu        web: http://isc.temple.edu/grosia

                       

Office Hours:   

                       Mondays: 10:40-11:30

Fridays:  3:00 – 4:00 by apt.

 

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REQUIRED TEXTS:

In addition to the complete texts listed below, students will be given handouts containing excerpts from appropriate works as listed in this syllabus.

BA, Mariama. So Long A Letter

CESAIRE, Aimé. A Tempest

CONDĖ, Maryse, Tales from the Heart


LAYE, Camara. The Dark Child

OUSMANE, God's Bits of Wood

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

As a Core Course in International Studies, the learning objectives are:

(1) To enhance cultural literacy and international awareness by providing students an opportunity to study literature that has emerged from the encounter between one European community (France) and selected non-European communities (in Africa and the Caribbean ).

(2) Through the reading of translated works, to acquaint students with new strategies for approaching literatures written in French by Black writers from Africa and the Caribbean .

(3) To familiarize students with the influence of African art on avant-garde artistic movements in France .

(4) To enable students to become aware of the positive as well as the negative features of the "civilizing mission" of France in certain parts of the Third World.

(5)To enable students to become  aware of her/his dual citizenship:  citizen of a nation and  citizen of the World.  Students will learn that learning about "others" will help us to better ourselves and to improve the welfare of the World.  We are the World!

Come and join us "Caring and Sharing" will prevent us of making deadly mistakes.  Welcome and have a good semester!

EVALUATION OF STUDENT WORK:

The final grade in the course will be based upon the following components:

Essay I

15%

Essay II

15%

Essay III

15%

Mid-Semester Examination

15%

Final Examination

15%

Portfolio

10%

Attendance

5%

Presentation

5%

Class Participation

5%

 

SYLLABUS

[An asterisk * indicates a required reading, from text or handouts.]

           http://www.ibest.estadao.com.br/ext/frances/gruzinskif.htm

           Montaigne, see background information at: http://www.orst.edu/instruct/phl302/philosophers/montaigne.html
           Montaigne, see essay "Of Cannibals" at:  Montaigne: Essays, "Of Cannibals" *

           Russell Mc Neil's lecture on Montaigne's "Of Cannibals" at: http://www.mala.bc.ca/~mcneil/m2lec6a.htm

In his work On Human Diversity: Nationalism, Racism, and Exoticism in French Thought (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1993) Tzvetan Todorov focuses on the French intellectual tradition ranging from Montaigne through Tocqueville, Michelet to Lévi-Strauss. He shows how the virtues of Enlightenment thought became vices in the hands of 19th century thinkers as a result of racism, nationalism, and the search for exoticism. Todorov calls us to reject this legacy and to strive once again for an acceptance of human diversity through "critical humanism" prefigured in the writings of Rousseau and Montesquieu.]

http://chevalierdesaintgeorges.homestead.com/Vie.html#5

The fleur-de-lys, symbol of French royalty, was also one of the images used in the branding of slaves. For information on the  fleur-de-lys go to: http://www.fleurdelis.com/fleur.htm

          Montesquieu: background information:

          http://www.orst.edu/instruct/phl302/philosophers/montesquieu.html

          Montesquieu, The Spirit of the Laws* (Book 15, ch.5: "Enslavement of Blacks"). You may read the text    

          at  this link:  http://www.constitution.org/cm/sol_15.htm

          Voltaire: See background information at: http://www2.lucidcafe.com/lucidcafe/library/95nov/voltaire.html

See summary of Candide at the link below:

http://www.awerty.com/candide2.html

          Rousseau: See background information at: http://www2.lucidcafe.com/lucidcafe/library/96jun/rousseau.html

          Rousseau, The Social Contract* (chap. 4: "On Slavery"): See the text at:

          http://www.constitution.org/jjr/socon_01.htm#004

                   De Gobineau: See brief background information at: http://motlc.wiesenthal.com/text/x08/xm0868.html

           See more on De Gobineau at: http://fr.encyclopedia.yahoo.com/articles/ma/ma_2077_p0.html

Belgian Theologian on African Philosophy: Placide Tempel's Bantu Philosophy

Early African Kingdoms

Le Tumulte Noir: Modernist Art and Popular Entertainment in Jazz-Age Paris , 1900-1930, by Jody Blake. University Park , PA : Penn State Univesity Press, 1999. [A discussion of the influence of African sculpture and African-American music and dance on French avant-garde and popular culture.]

Aesthetics of African Art and French Modernism:

See the African Art: Exhibit at the Bayly Art Museum , University of Virginia at this site:

http://www.lib.virginia.edu/clemons/RMC/exhib/93.ray.aa/African.html

Click below for the Guggenheim Museum Map of the Art of the Africa Continent:

http://artnetweb.com/guggenheim/africa/intro.html  

                                                                                          

DOGON: Sacred Sites: http://sacredsites.com/africa/mali/dogon.html

 

Dogon Twin Statue:

Essay on Dogon Cosmology and the Interface of Nature and Culture:

Leviticus              THE BLOOD-

                            THE NATURE

                            THE CULTURE

PRESENTATIONS

                           THE BLOOD IS A DAILY PRESENCE IN MAN'S LIFE-

                            THE BLOOD IS LIFE

           

THE LINKS BELOW ACCESS SITES PRESENTING MATERIALS ABOUT EUROPE AND AFRICAN ART:

Essay on Europe and African art:

            http://www.ethnographica.com/african_art_and_europe.htm

 

 

 

Picasso’s “Les demoiselles d’Avignon”: Subject and Meaning

            http://www.geocities.com/rr17bb/LesDemoi.html

Museum of Modern Art (NY) "Les Demoiselles d'Avignon" conservation website

            http://www.moma.org/collection/conservation/demoiselles/index.html

Barnes Foundation--Matisse: Le bonheur de vivre

            http://www.abcgallery.com/M/matisse/matisse1.html

Paper due on UNIT I:  February 22, 2008

PAPER TOPICS: Write an essay of at least three pages--typed, double-spaced, with ample margins--one any one of the topics below. Pay attention to good organization and structure. Your essay should reflect your familiarity with the readings done in this unit of the course. Remember the importance of correct documentation; however, do not fill out your essay with very long quotations.

1.  The Song of Roland reflects French attitudes and values towards the African "Other" that are identifiable in French literature of the Renaissance through the twentieth century.  Explain
2. Why may we speak of the "modernity" of the Renaissance writer Montaigne with regard to his views on non-European civilizations?
3. Has African art in any way affected or influenced European art?
4. How may one account for the "exotic" appeal of Africa to French artists, anthropologists and ethnologists?
5. How would you explain the insignificance of "art for art's sake" in traditional African communities?
6. Which French writings about Africa do you consider most worthy of note?
7. Comment on the Code Noir, especially with regard to its historical significance in the United States .

8:  Is the Dark Child has any way influenced your life?  Explain

UNIT II. Weeks 6-10(Feb. 25-March 24, 2007): From the Periphery to the Center: France as Viewed  from Africa and the Caribbean :

Selections from Négritude Poets and Critics
Notes on Léopold S. Senghor

Léopold S. Senghor:

Laye, Dark Child*
Césaire, A Tempest*
Fanon, Black Skin, White Mask

Review questions on Camara Laye's Dark Child can be found at the site below: http://www.sebsteph.com/Professional/sebsportfolio/syllabi/nonwestlit/Review%20Questions/Dark.htm

Click here for Belinda Carberry's article: "Teaching African Literature in English," in which The Dark Child is included.

·         MULTI-MEDIA PRESENTATIONS:

Aimé Césaire:

See comments on Césaire’s Caliban in: Paget Henry, Caliban’s Reason: Introducing Afro-Caribbean Philosophy. New York , London : Routledge, 2000

Topics for essays on UNIT II:

Write an essay of at least three pages on any one of the topics below. Your paper should reflect your familiarity with the readings completed in the course up to this point:
1. Pick any one of the poems included in the readings in this section, and show how it conveys a particular view of the "periphery" looking towards the "center."
2. Discuss the image of the black woman as it is seen in the readings that you have done in this section of the course.
3. Why do you think Césaire is more revered in Africa than in his homeland, Martinique ?

4. What is Césaire responding to in his play A Tempest? And do you see any limitations in his response?

5. What is meant by "Négritude?" Illustrate aspects of this concept as you see it reflected in the readings of this section of the course.
6. In general, what do the Négritude writers (representing the periphery) say to French civilization (represented as the center)? How does Césaire resolve this periphery vs center dichotomy?
7. Comment on the two kinds of education that the child is exposed to in Camara Laye's Dark Child. Does the narrator express any reservations about each type of education?

Spring recess begins:  Monday, March 9

classes resume Monday, March 17

MIDSEMESTER EXAM:  March 26, 2008
Second Paper due:  March 26, 2008

UNIT III.  (March 17, 2008). Transitions: Pitfalls in the African/Caribbean Encounter with France :

Cheikh Hamidou Kane, Ambiguous Adventure*

UNIT IV.  (March 24,  - Monday April 28, 2008). Looking Inward: Towards A Vision of Authentic Francophone Communities:

A. Community Engagement in Transformative Change:

Sembène Ousmane, God’s Bits of Wood*

A brief discussion of Sembène Ousmane's God's Bits of Wood may be found at this site

MULTI-MEDIA PRESENTATIONS:

          VIDEO: "Césaire, pt. III" A [FR.AD-08.3]

·            B. New Visions, New Voices Articulating Francophone Authenticity:

Click here for a bio-bibliographical note on Maryse Condé

Maryse Condé at the Créolité Conference (1993). From left to right in the photo: Gisèle Pineau (Guadeloupe), Émile Ollivier (Haiti), Maryse Condé (Guadeloupe), Ernest Pépin (Martinique), Francoise Vergès (Réunion). [Photo by Hal Wylie.]

MULTI-MEDIA PRESENTATION:

Review of the film "Sugar Cane Alley", by John Ziniewicz

http://www.fred.net/tzaka/john/sugar.html

Click here for notes and questions on "Caribbean Cinema and "Black Shack Alley.""

C. Ideologies and Concepts in Service of Authentic Creativity in Francophone Communities:

Edouard Glissant: Caribbean Discourse
Confiant, et al: In Praise of Creolity*

Click here to see "Plaidoyer pour la Créolité" (Magazine Littéraire, no. 320, avril 1994)

Click here for a brief comment on the video "Afrique, je te plumerai."

Third Paper is due at the time of the final exam:  Wednesday May 14-11:30-1:30

              

TOPICS FOR PAPER III:
1. Study the theme of community solidarity as it is developed in God's Bits of Wood
2. Show how the revolutionary potential in the role of women in post-colonial society has been developed in any of the novels studied.
3. What do you find most memorable and striking about Mariama Ba's So Long A Letter?
4. What is meant by "the centering of the periphery" in the cultural engagement of France with Africa and the Caribbean ? Give specific illustrations from readings done in the course.
5. Compare and contrast the education of the protagonists in Dark Child, and Black Shack Alley .
6. Study the image of the Black mother (or grandmother) in any two of the following works: Dark Child, So Long A Letter, Black Shack Alley, Tales from the Heart.

7.  Contrast and compare the situation of the male child and the female child in So Long A Letter.

FINAL EXAMINATION:  Wednesday 14; 11:30-1;30    

 

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