The early years of the Peloponnesian War offer striking portraits of two major figures in Athenian literature.  Sophocles’ Oedipus the King was vey likely staged in xxx BCE.  Thucydides’ Pericles gives three riveting speeches in the years xxxxx and then dies.

Scholars have of course noticed similarities between these two.  The canonical treatment of them is provided by Bernard Knox, most notably in his book Oedipus at Thebes (New Haven,1957) but also in his notes and commentary on Robert Fagles’ Penguin translation.  Here are the high points of his commentary (Oedipus at Thebes pp. 63ff):

Athens and Thebes  had both suffered plagues

Oedipus and Pericles are both under curses (see Thucydides 1.125ff.)

Both are authoritative leaders who respect public opinion

The enemies of Pericles (Cratinus) called him Tyrannos

[are these Athens or Pericles?}
Speed in decision-making

Capacity for careful reflection

Confidence in discussion as a preparation for action

Intelligence (Oedipus had "put … Tiresias to shame on his own ground" Knox 72 and had solved the riddle though "we taught you nothing" and "with no help from the birds" xxx check quotes) that involves ingenuity (72-73).

Extravagant hopes (Oedipus’ outburst after Jocasta’s farewell, lines xxxx, Knox xxx)

Adaptability, versatility (Athenian citizens are eutrapelos 2.41.1)

Devotion to city (2.60.1, 2.43.1)

Democratic

Oedipus wants to drive out defilement; it turns out that he and Pericles are both under a defilement (Knox 75; Thucydides 1.126.2, Oedipus line 402 (check))

Empirical thinkers

Knox:

A constant will to action, grounded in experience, inspired by courage, expressing itself in speed and impatience but informed by intelligent reflection endowed with the self-confidence, optimism, and versatility of the brilliant amateur, and marred by oversuspicion and occasional outbursts of demonic anger-this is the character of Athens and Oedipus alike.  Both the virtues and the faults of Oedipus are those of Athenian democracy.  Oedipus son of Laius, a Theban mythical hero, has been transformed into an Athenian and contemporary figure.  Not, however, a specific individual; the resemblances that have been pointed out to Themistocles, to Pericles, to Cleon are all minor facets of his resemblance to Athens itself, in all its greatness, its power, its intelligence, and also its serious defects. The audience which watched Oedipus in the theater of Dionysus was watching itself.

Check this:
 

Knox then goes on to argue that the homology between Oedipus and Athens is even closer than that with Pericles:

Oedipus and Athens were noted for their skill (naval warfare, ingenuity, courage) and the envy (phthonos) that this traits aroused.
 

Robert Redfield in Zeitlin 325ff:  "Surely Oidipous in the Tyrannos is like Perikles, as Victor Ehrenberg insists—not, however, because Sophokles intended a point about Perikles, but rather … because he relied on his audience’s understanding of Perikles to create for them a believable Oidipous."